Yellowlees Douglas, PhD

Driven by the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001, school districts responded to pressures to increase school rankings and test scores by having more children tested for ADHD.

Responses to treatment depend on the target chosen, with 5 targets yielding positive outcomes, including the ventral anterior limb of the internal capsule, subthalamic nucleus, nucleus accumbens, ventral capsule/ventral striatum, or inferior thalamic peduncle, all involving fronto-striato-thalamocortical circuits.

A growing body of research points to the role of the gut-brain axis in the development of Parkinson disease, with inflammatory bowel disease, leaky gut, and altered gut microbiota observed in the gut, often years before the onset of symptoms of Parkinson disease.