Pharmacologic intervention is the current standard of care for Parkinson’s disease, yet medications frequently fail to control some symptoms, including tremor and postural instability.

Vascular disease can have a negative impact on cognition and motor phenotype in PD.

Cognitive training and tDCS, alone or combined, appear to benefit cognition and QOL in Parkinson’s patients

The standard MoCA evaluation was unable to predict decline in fluctuating attention and visual memory.

Over fifty percent of respondents reported using 1 or more alternative therapies.