Telmisartan Adjunct Treatment May Reduce CNS Inflammation During Acute HIV
Telmisartan did not affect biomarkers of central nervous system inflammation or injury when used as an adjunct to ART for acute HIV infection.
Telmisartan did not affect biomarkers of central nervous system inflammation or injury when used as an adjunct to ART for acute HIV infection.
The prevalence of neural tube defects (NTDs) in births to mothers with HIV from 2013 to 2017 was estimated to be 7.0 per 10,000 live births.
The prevalence of neural tube defects (NTDs) is 7.0 per 10,000 live births in HIV-exposed pregnancies, which is similar to the prevalence in the general population.
Although the prevalence of distal sensory peripheral neuropathy decreased following initiation of cART in people living with in resource-limiting settings, better strategies are needed.
In utero exposure to efavirenz is associated with an increased risk for microcephaly among children who are HIV-exposed but uninfected.
The Warnings and Precautions section has been updated to address the potential for late-onset neurotoxicity, including ataxia and encephalopathy with efavirenz treatment.
Rates of HIV-associated dementia have decreased from approximately 50% in the pre-cART era to 2% currently. However, roughly 50% of patients treated with cART have the milder forms of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND).
Despite potent antiretroviral therapy, HIV-associated dementia results in significant morbidity and mortality.
For HIV-infected women receiving dolutegravir from the time of conception, 0.3 percent have offspring with neural-tube defects, representing a small but significant increase compared with other ART exposures.
Findings reinforce the importance of primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in people living with HIV.