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HealthDay News — Treatment guided by cerebral oximetry monitoring for the first 72 hours after birth is not associated with a lower incidence of death or severe brain injury by 36 weeks of postmenstrual age for infants born extremely preterm, according to a study published in the April 20 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.
Mathias L. Hansen, M.D., Ph.D., from Copenhagen University Hospital-Rigshospitalet in Denmark, and colleagues conducted a phase 3 randomized trial at 70 sites in 17 countries involving extremely preterm infants (gestational age, <28 weeks) within 6 hours after birth. Infants were randomly assigned to receive treatment guided by cerebral oximetry monitoring for the first 72 hours after birth or usual care. A composite of death or severe brain injury on cerebral ultrasonography at 36 weeks of postmenstrual age was examined as the primary outcome.
A total of 1,601 infants were randomly assigned and 1,579 were assessed for the primary outcome. Researchers found that death or severe brain injury occurred in 35.2 and 34.0% of infants in the cerebral oximetry and usual-care groups, respectively, at 36 weeks of postmenstrual age (relative risk with cerebral oximetry, 1.03; 95% confidence interval, 0.90 to 1.18; P = 0.64). There was no difference observed between the groups in the incidence of serious adverse events.
“Incidences of the other serious adverse events did not materially differ between the 2 groups, and there were few serious adverse reactions,” the authors write.
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